Maybe you are returning to work, struggling with supply, or simply ready to stop. Whatever the reason, deciding to move from breast to bottle can bring up mixed feelings, and practical questions too. Transitioning from breast milk to formula is easier for you and your baby when it is done gradually. Here is how to do it comfortably.
Quick answer: transitioning from breast milk to formula
- Go slowly: replace one breastfeed every few days.
- Start with the feed your baby is least interested in, often midday.
- Use a standard first infant formula unless your doctor advises otherwise.
- Prepare formula safely with water at 70°C or above, following the instructions exactly.
Free printable: track feeds and wet and dirty diapers with our Feeding & Diaper Log. Handy to bring to checkups with your pediatrician.
When to switch
There is no wrong time. Any amount of breast milk your baby had is valuable. If you are thinking of switching because of pain, latch problems or low supply, support from a lactation consultant may help first. See a good breastfeeding latch.
How to make the change gradually
- Choose one feed and offer formula instead.
- Wait 3 to 5 days before replacing the next feed.
- Keep the bedtime and morning feeds until last, as they are often the most comforting.
- Express a little milk if your breasts feel full, but not completely, to avoid engorgement.
- Watch your baby’s response: poos may change in colour and texture, which is normal.
If you plan to continue some breastfeeds, see combination feeding.
Choosing a formula
- First infant formula based on cow’s milk is suitable for most babies for the whole first year.
- All formulas sold legally must meet strict nutritional standards; expensive brands are not more nutritious.
- Follow-on, comfort, anti-reflux or specialist formulas are only needed if your doctor recommends them.
- Do not use plant milks or homemade formula.
Making up formula safely
- Wash your hands and use sterilised bottles.
- Boil fresh tap water and let it cool for no more than 30 minutes, so it is still at least 70°C.
- Add the water first, then the exact number of level scoops.
- Shake well, cool quickly under running water and test on your inner wrist.
- Use within 2 hours and throw away leftovers.
If your baby refuses the bottle
Let someone else offer it, try a different teat, warm the milk slightly and try when your baby is calm. See bottle feeding mistakes to avoid.
Taking care of yourself
Stopping breastfeeding can bring feelings of sadness or relief, sometimes both. Hormone changes can affect mood. Wear a supportive bra and use cold packs for comfort.
When to talk to your doctor
- your baby has diarrhoea, vomiting, rashes or blood in the poo after starting formula
- poor weight gain or fewer wet nappies
- a hot, red, painful area on your breast or fever (possible mastitis)
- you feel low or anxious
Frequently asked questions
Will my baby get constipated on formula?
Formula-fed babies often have firmer poos. Make sure formula is made up exactly as directed.
How much formula does my baby need?
See the baby feeding schedule.
Can I switch straight away?
Stopping suddenly can cause engorgement and mastitis, so a gradual approach is gentler.
Free printables: get our Safe Sleep Checklist, Feeding & Diaper Log and Hospital Bag Checklist, plus one short tip email a week. Join Babypino Weekly.
Sources
- NHS: Stopping breastfeeding; How to make up baby formula
- American Academy of Pediatrics, HealthyChildren.org: Choosing an Infant Formula
- World Health Organization: Safe preparation of powdered infant formula
This guide is general information, not medical advice. For support, talk to your midwife, health visitor, doctor or a lactation consultant.